Fixed-capacity types

Str(N), Bytes(N) and List(T, N) have a statically known extent, so the compiler may keep them inline in the activation frame; they never need a heap allocation. Every N is a distinct nominal type.

Type	Holds	Storage
Str(N)	a UTF-8 string of at most N bytes	N + 1 bytes, NUL-terminated
Bytes(N)	at most N bytes	N bytes
List(T, N)	exactly N elements	N × size of T

Literals

Int main() {
    Str(8) s = "abc";
    List(Int, 5) xs = [10, 20, 30];       // slots 3 and 4 are zero
    println(f"{s} {xs.len()} {xs[1]} {xs[4]}");
    return 0;
}

Output

abc 5 20 0

A literal larger than the capacity is a compile-time error; nothing is ever silently truncated except by an explicit cast.

Casts

• Str(N) → Str and Bytes(N) → Bytes: a view, no copy.
• Str → Str(N), Str(N) → Str(M), and the Bytes equivalents: a bounded copy that keeps the longest prefix of whole code points that fits.
• List(T, N) → List(T): copies all N elements.

Access

Indexing is bounds-checked against the capacity (Str(N) against its content) and aborts when out of range. .len() of a List(T, N) is N. Fixed strings and byte arrays can be passed to the built-in functions that take Str or Bytes; a user function needs the exact type, so convert with a cast. Eq, Ord and Hash do not extend to fixed-capacity types.